Tamil: Java Support

Tamil: Java Support

Velupillai Prabhakaran

Velupillai Prabhakaran was the founder and leader of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (the Tamil Tigers), a militant organization that sought to create an independent Tamil state in the north and east of Sri Lanka.

Life

Velupillai Prabhakaran was born in the northern coastal town of Velvettithurai on November 24, 1954, to Thiruvenkadam Velupillai and Vallipuram Parvathy.Angered by what he saw as discrimination of Tamil people by successive Sri Lankan governments, he joined the student group TIP, during the standardization debates.In 1972 Prabhakaran founded an organization named Tamil New Tigers (TNT), which was a successor to many initial organizations that protested against the post colonial political direction of the country that pitted the minority Sri Lankan Tamils against the majority Sinhalese people.


In 1975, after becoming heavily involved in the Tamil movement, he carried out his first major political murder by a Tamil militant group, assassinating the mayor of Jaffna, Alfred Duraiappah, by shooting him at point blank range while he was about to enter the Hindu temple at Ponnaalai. The assassination was in response to the 1974 Tamil conference incident, for which the Tamil radicals had blamed Alfred Duraiappah,because he backed the then ruling Sri Lanka Freedom Party. He was also seen by Tamil militants as allegedly betraying the Tamil nationalist sentiments in the Jaffna peninsula, by allying with the Sinhalese majority government.


Founding of the LTTE

On May 5, 1976, the TNT was renamed the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), commonly known as the Tamil Tigers.Religion is not a major factor in his philosophy or ideology, but the LTTE can be characterized as anti-Buddhist.The LTTE is also an organization that does not cite any material from religion or religious texts in any of its ideological documents and propaganda but are driven only by the idea of Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism and considers it as the only single-minded approach and inspiration towards the attainment of an independent Tamil Eelam.


Prabhakaran's first and only major press conference was held in Killinochchi on April 10, 2002.It was reported that more than 200 journalists from the local and foreign media attended this event, and they had to go through a 10-hour security screening before the eventin which Anton Balasingham introduced the LTTE leader as the "President and Prime minister of Tamil Eelam."

Tamil nationalism

Prabhakaran’s source of inspiration and direction is Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism.His stated and ultimate ideal is to get Tamil Eelam recognised as a nation as per the U.N. Charter that guarantees the right of a people to political independencewhich has been given in their official web page. The LTTE also proposed the formation of an Interim Self Governing Authority during Peace Negotiations in 2003.

Militarism

Prabhakaran has explicitly stated that an armed struggle is the only way to resist asymmetric warfare, in which one side, that of the Sri Lankan government, is armed and the other comparatively unarmed. He argues that he chose military means only after observing that non–violent means have been ineffectual and obsolete, especially after the Thileepan incident. Thileepan, a colonel rank officer adopted Gandhian means to protest against the IPKF killings by staging a fast unto death from September 15, 1987, and by abstaining from food or water till 26 September, he died in front of thousands of Tamils who had come there to fast along with him. This further strengthened Prabhakaran's resolve that peaceful protests would either be ignored or crushed but never heard.


Personal life


Little is known of Prabhakaran's personal life, either from his interviews or from cited media sources, although it is widely known that he is married to Mathivathani Erambu.Their marriage was held in Tirupporur, near Madras (now Chennai) on October 1, 1984. They have a daughter (Duwaraka) and two sons, Charles Anthony and Balachandran. Their whereabouts are not known, but it is widely believed that they are not in Sri Lanka.However, the Sri Lankan Army sources have stated that they have recovered the corpse of Charles Anthony.


Chronological account of the life and times of Velupillai Prabhakaran

1954 (Nov 26): Born in Jaffna in a Hindu middle class family, the youngest of two sons and two daughters.
1960-70s: Takes to militancy, indulges in minor acts of violence.
1972: Forms Tamil New Tigers (TNT), flees home for good.
1975: Assassinates Jaffna Mayor Alfred Duriappah at Hindu temple.
1976: TNT becomes Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE).
1978: LTTE issues first press statement.
1982: Arrested in Madras (now Chennai) after a shootout with a rival Tamil militant. Jailed, bailed, escapes to Sri Lanka.
1983: Ambushes army patrol in Jaffna, killing 13 soldiers. Anti-Tamil riots sweep Colombo, leaving hundreds dead and igniting Tamil insurgency.
1983 (September): Moves to Tamil Nadu, sets up home in Chennai. LTTE training camps come up in Tamil Nadu.
1984: Meets Tamil Nadu Chief Minister M.G. Ramachandran and seeks support. Marries Jaffna university student, fathers two sons and daughter.
1985 (May): Orders massacre of Buddhists in the holy town of Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka.
1986 (April-May): Orders slaughter of Tamil militants from rival group TELO.
1987 (January): Quits India for good, saying there is an attempt to kill him.
1987 (July): Meets Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi in New Delhi and says he accepts India-Sri Lanka accord meant to end Tamil separatism.
1987 (August): Gives speech in Jaffna, saying 'We love India', but tells aides he will teach India a lesson for betraying Tamil Eelam cause.
1987 (October): Launches war against Indian troops deployed in Sri Lanka's northeast.
1989 (April-June): Goes into peace talks with Sri Lankan President Ranasinghe Premadasa, who asks Indian troops to go home.
1989 (July): LTTE kills well known Tamil politicians A. Amirthalingam and V. Yogeswaran in Colombo.
1990 (April): Takes control of Jaffna, addresses the media.
1990 (June): Resumes war against Sri Lanka for Tamil Eelam, orders 100,000 Muslims living in Jaffna to quit. Rival militant K. Pathmanabha and aides killed in Chennai, India.
1991 (March): Sri Lankan Defence Minister Ranjan Wijeratne killed by car bomb.
1991 (May): LTTE woman suicide bomber assassinates former Indian prime minister Rajiv Gandhi at election rally near Chennai.
1992 (August): Sri Lanka's northern army command wiped out.
1992 (November): LTTE suicide bomber riding motorcycle kills Sri Lanka Navy chief Clancey Fernando.
1993: Sri Lankan President Premadasa killed at May Day rally.
1993 (August): Arrests LTTE number two Mahattaya on charges of being Indian spy, executes him in December 1994.
1994: Agrees to talk to President Chandria Kumaratunga. Fighting halts.
1995: Sri Lankan presidential candidate Gamini Dissanayake assassinated. Resumes war against for Tamil Eelam.
1995 (December): Loses Jaffna to Sri Lankan troops.
1996 (July): LTTE slaughters 1,200 soldiers and policemen in military complex in just 72 hours.
1997-99: Takes control of large parts of north and east in Sri Lanka.
1999 (December): President Kumaratunga escapes assassination attempt, is blinded in one eye.
2000-01: Sri Lanka approaches Norway to facilitate peace talks with LTTE.
2001 (July): LTTE suicide cadres overrun Sri Lanka's only international airport, destroys 13 aircraft.
2002 (February): Signs Norway-brokered ceasefire agreement with Sri Lanka.
2002 (April): Addresses Sri Lankan, international media in Kilinochchi, says he will never give up Tamil Eelam cause.
2003 (April): Walks out of Norway-backed peace process.
2004 (March): Faces revolt by LTTE eastern regional commander Karuna and hundreds of cadres in eastern province.
2005 (August): Sri Lankan Foreign Minister Lakshman Kadirgamar shot dead by LTTE sniper.
2006 (April): Army General Sarath Fonseka badly hurt in attack by woman suicide bomber.
2006 (December): Defence Secretary Gothabaya Rajapaksa, brother of President Mahinda Rajapaksa, survives assassination attempt
2007: Launches air strike near Colombo. LTTE loses eastern province to Sri Lanka. Prabhakaran vows to fight back.
2008 (January): Sri Lanka spikes ceasefire agreement. LTTE begins to lose territory in north.
2008 (November): Mocks President Rajapaksa, says LTTE territory can never be seized.
2009 (January): Loses Kilinochchi, hub of de facto Tamil Eelam state; retreats into Mullaitivu district.
2009 (May 17): Decides to 'silence' guns and end armed struggle.
2009 (May 18): Prabhakaran killed while trying to escape from war zone in Mullaitivu district. Heir apparent son and all key aides also killed.


Prabhakaran alive, claims pro-LTTE website

A pro-LTTE website, Tamilnet.com, on Tuesday claimed that the Tamil Tigers supremo Velupillai Prabhakaran is still "alive and safe", a
day after Sri Lankan army announced that it has killed the top rebel leader.

"I wish to inform the global Tamil community distressed witnessing the final events of the war that our beloved leader Velupillai Prabhakaran is alive and safe," LTTE's international relations head S Pathmanathan was quoted as saying by the website, which usually puts out the rebels' version on the battle with the Sri Lankan armed forces.

"He (Prabhakaran) will continue to lead the quest for dignity and freedom for the Tamil people," he said.
The website, however, did not give the details of Prabhakaran's location.

The army had claimed Prabhakaran and his top aides came out of their last hiding place in a small convoy of van and an ambulance and tried to drive out of the war zone, but were gunned down.

Pathmanathan said the Sri Lankan army and government deliberately came up with the story detailing the demise of the leader of the LTTE.

"We categorically reject this and wish to inform the Tamil community to be vigilant and to exercise maximum restraint whilst grieving for the loss of Tamil civilian lives in the barbaric conduct of the final chapters of this battle," he said.

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